red clover yield per acre

However, red clover is more difficult to cure for hay than other legumes. Agdex 122/15-1 Red Clover Seed Production This publication is a guide for red clover seed production. To ensure adequate nodulation, red clover seed should be inoculated with Rhizobium trifolii bacteria and a sticking agent just before seeding. When sowing red clover by itself, the seeding rate is 10 to 12 lbs. Initial harvest 60-70 days after seeding and subsequent harvest on a 30-35 day interval will generally allow for three harvests during the seeding year. Red clover biomass was 1.9% N in the fall and contained 61 to 96 N pounds per acre (Figure 1). Use of herbicides may be necessary when direct seeding red clover without a companion crop. Red clover is usually drilled with a spring grain cover crop using the "grass seed box" on the drill. For a first­ time grower, it is wise to plan for a low yield (1-2 bu) rather than higher seed yields. Leaf loss, as the plants of mammoth red clover approached maturity, apparently accounted for an actual decrease in the yield of dry matter. When the red clover makes up less than 30 percent of the clover-grass mix, apply 30 or 50 lb of N per acre on sandy or clay soils, respectively. 6kg per acre - 15kg per ha. Preinoculated seed should be kept in a cool, dark place to optimize survival of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Establishing with a forage grass will decrease red clover's curing time. Total yields from the seeding year and per cut … Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is grown throughout the northeastern United States for forage and is used in rotations for soil improvement. Traditionally, three annual harvests are made in most of Pennsylvania. Lateral roots arising from the tap root are concentrated mainly in the upper 5 inches of the soil. The fall harvest should be made only if adequate herbage is present to offset the cost of harvesting. Tohum Islah) mixtures with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv. However, a larger portion of the forage will be red clover when seeded without the companion crop. )Wuú`p³[çrt>5@>¼ By entering your email, you consent to receive communications from Penn State Extension. For example, for every 8 lbs. On acid soils with pH less than 5.5, nodulation and N fixation are suppressed and fertilizer N should be supplied for vigorous growth. 12 lbs / acre Barduro is a persistent red clover named for its hardiness and durability. ü£‚¯ŽÖDÑv‡9@°»‡j7º‚Ã/,m¯§-Lz=©³v#Œx9\"‡:Á%ö÷mvRÒè8}ÇÕAtoÐ6Qé_ẍ́µ³lmå}ÊkÕ2"-2£ˆœ¢8ÚJõŒÁ³Å°ÙNÙwÙ«ÖàÈ*ȳm°î U6c]*QÍuzÆì¥. Red clover should be frost seeded at 15 to 20 lbs. Plant white clover seed at 1 to 3 pounds PLS per acre in 20 to 24 inch rows. The usual yield of red clover is from 4 to 6 bushels of seed per acre. ‘Duration’ red clover @ $2.18/lb X 9 lbs/acre =$19.62/acre It cost $5.22 more per acre to seed the ‘Vernal’ alfalfa. 1978. It is characterized by rapid spring growth and low winterhardiness, which contributes to its short-lived nature. With proper management, you can expect these varieties to persist for two to three years after the establishment year. Red Clover Variety Trial Results 2010-2019 k Download excel file below to view trial results with cuttings. Four cuttings were taken in 2018. Two pounds of white clover and 4 pounds of red clover per acre broadcast the last two weeks of February should provide an “Farmers should make sure they purchase tested and more recently developed varieties of named red clover, and it would be best if the varieties were certified,” says Smith. 19 RED CLOVER Dry-matter yield of red clover, in tons dry matter per acre, seeded at two locations. moth red clover, the highest yield was obtained at the full bloom stage. This more aggressive harvest management in the seeding year than has traditionally been implemented provides greater forage and nutrient yields and has not negatively affected yield in the year after establishment. In addition, the third harvest during early September will help maintain better stands the following harvest season. Per Acre (LBS.) Kayseri) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L. cv. The highest Typical silage analysis has a dry matter of 30%, a crude protein of 19%, a D-value of 72 and an ME of 12MJ. White clover should be seeded at only 2 -3 pounds per acre because of the large number of The difference in dry matter yield between common red clover and the best certified variety in the 1993 Kentucky Red Clover Variety Test Summary was almost 10,000 pounds per acre over the life of the stand (Figure 1). Prepared by Marvin H. Hall, assistant professor of agronomy. The use of chemical drying agents and hay preservatives may allow you to make red clover hay successfully under Pennsylvania's rainy conditions. Red clover has a thick tap root that grows to a length of 24-36 inches. Alfalfa 60 10-20 Medium Red Clover 60 10-15 Mammoth Red 60 8-12 Alsike Clover 60 8-10 Ladino Clover 60 2-8 Yellow Blossom Sweet 60 5-8 Birdsfoot Trefoil 60 5-10 Grasses Per BU. Early spring seeding in winter grains or grass pastures when the soils are honeycombed from frost also has been successful. Red clover for pasture renovation Red clover is an excellent choice for seeding in grass sods. Potato Leafhopper* Vigor,** Rosemount Grand Rapids Variety Injury, 7/14/03 5/1/03 1997-98 2000 2003 Red clover can be established as a pure stand, with or without a companion crop, seeded with forage grass, or sod-seeded into a grass sod to improve the existing stand. 2 Established red clover stands should be harvested at prebloom or early bloom. Grass seed in varying combinations will make up the remaining weight. Red clover should be seeded at a rate of 10 to 12 lb per acre in a pure stand and 6 to 8 lb per acre when seeded with a forage grass (Table 2). Why do we need this? If Arrowleaf clover is the only clover in a This harvest timing is a compromise between red clover yield and quality. Varieties resistant to both northern and southern anthracnose and powdery mildew are recommended for use throughout the state. 2018 yields of red clover averaged 4.83 and ranged from 4.32 to 5.07 tons per acre. per acre. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. per acre. To facilitate seed production and between-row weed control, it is desirable to plant white clover in spaced rows instead of solid stands. This harvest timing is a compromise between red clover yield and quality. Plant about 9 lbs of seed per acre straight or 2 - 5 lbs per acre in a mix. Red clover silage, if properly harvested and stored, provides a high-quality forage. Soil tests are required for proper determination of soil nutrient availability. This method involves broadcast seeding of clov… Based on current entries in the Michigan Hay Sellers List maintained by Michigan State University Extension, I am assuming a value of $95/ton dry matter for both types of hay. Atmospheric N is captured (fixed) and converted into plant N by well-nodulated plants. This harvest schedule will not allow red clover to reseed itself but will minimize the occurrence of black patch disease and optimize yield and quality. Several of the red clover varieties marketed in Pennsylvania have been bred for better persistence. RED CLOVER 2 YEAR SILAGE LEY £3.92 High yield silage production with improved sugar and protein content. Growing red clover for silage production circumvents that problem. Look for good disease resistance and persistence in a red clover variety. The seeding rate for Arrowleaf clover is 5-8 lbs per acre if drilled or 8-10 lbs per acre broadcast. It is very well suited for use as the forage legume in short rotations with corn. Each situation has special requirements that should be considered. See All Pest, Disease and Weed Identification, See All Beer, Hard Cider, and Distilled Spirits, See All Community Planning and Engagement, CP = crude protein, DDM = digestible dry matter. For additional information about nitrogen-fixing bacteria or the inoculation process, see Inoculation of Forage and Grain Legumes. µ8De@$’“öJé?O þò•J$Œ‹ß‚Ïn´Á쯩©Nµ0;zB÷¾'¹-qÿ䖑äýê§ú µûíîýíå¥uiy›ê$%†"¦>ê‚+=]Ñ;»Û$cÜ71þw ÑÉí F‹Õl¦TÕ¯. per acre. )&>|O}ã As a practical example 6 round bales (600kgs in weight) per acre can be achieved and 3 cuts would be expected from an autumn sowing. Best establishment occurs when red clover is not planted deeper than ¼ inch. Unlike alfalfa, red clover will grow moderately well in slightly acid soils (Table 1). When you mix it with grass, the rate drops to 8 lbs. Traditionally, three annual harvests are … Red clover seeded into fescue sods has increased yields about 35 percent above those … If oats are harvested for grain, the straw should be removed so that it will not shade or suppress the red clover. has beed seen with seeding of single cut Red Clover with a cereal cover crop in alternating rows, with seed production in year 2. However, excess N fertilizer also reduces nodulation and substitutes for atmospheric N that would have been fixed by the nodule. Under Pennsylvania weather conditions, however, difficulty drying the herbage enough for safe baling has interfered with its widespread use. Refer to the current Penn State Forage Trial Report for red clover variety performa… Keep in mind local conditions and your experience as a producer when using this information. Frost seeding is ÊRẊLÚO=æ¸ñ¸Û+Šó2Nßa›—^et|¼ãÞæÁÇøœ8¦ûfà¨wÜfRg,-#9¤°RƒÀà^NÈÞ©ÉÛE*”ŒÉ‚› NÒwrðqöf5⡈šäCW)Ý!Ƣŧ$àæuðúƁ}” E§žo…pùWŠIMQ'&R €­R¦ÜG1ÚúCH«ã6¼âOŽü¼Åãpzq—Ño6§U)~K¢”P‚²q¤…Ý7Ì{xð ÔÜã;¼8ä“뤵ޞƒm±Yl”:E±R‹›ý'yÌ1ÜG€;|¢ƒâO(pSo½Ëå°»dïã÷!’¹T¡Ýå8qãjø¯ї¯§ƒïzæ°dú¹ùÒu=Ig¿À?ºpmìÜÆ´5Ey›ËHɉÌéXÁ­’…øÚßäf¦ä_ý¤õܕ~râ‚T²õz÷å?ßÅ!$i0…%¯FÂn»¶7XôrYÖ+)xܗY@ðÕçIÞ];˜Ñü2x:8*àîŸ|UŠ$Ï% ($ù< BÏöZ»)Gø´E. Red clover should be top dressed annually with fertilizer (using soil testing as a guide for determining fertilizer requirements) as long as the plant numbers are sufficient for economic production. Spring-seeded red clover can be harvested three times during the seeding year if growing conditions are favorable. View our privacy policy. Crops Information Table 2. Red and white clover yields have roughly doubled since the mid-1970s. It is a vigorous establisher and good yielder in the establishment year. A lower nitrogen contribution is more common, however. In the hay cutting trial at the Auburn Extension Research Center in Crossville, Alabama–during their worst drought in 25 years–Barduro was With red clover hay worth $80 a ton, you”re looking at an extra $80 to $240 per acre in yield the third year. In soils with a pH below 6.0, adding lime is essential to make the soil less acidic and to improve red clover's nitrogen-fixing activity. Clover seed is small and should be broadcast or drilled a shallow depth (not more than 10mm). In general, dry matter accumulation is at its highest by … Quality and yield enhanced with red clover Good disease resistance Red clover will enhance the protein in the crop Sowing rate: 14kg per acre. Row Crop Realistic Yield Potential Crop Yield Units Realistic Yields/Acre Corn (grain) bushels 100-250 Corn (silage) wet tons 12-18 Cotton bales 1-3 Peanuts lbs 3,200 Rice bushels 144 -164 Nitrogen (N) is essential for amino acid and protein production. Get notified when we have news, courses, or events of interest to you. Harvesting the oats early for silage is recommended because this will greatly reduce competition with the red clover. Direct seedings of red clover can be made by broadcasting, band seeding, or fluid seeding. In the spring, red clover biomass was 3.9% N and contained 31 to 131 N pounds per acre. Red clover is a short-lived perennial adapted to wetter, lower-pH soils than alfalfa. Tohum Islah) in Erzurum, Turkey for 5 years between 1991 and 1995. three times per year. Variety Seeding 2017 Seeding 2018 2018 2019 2 Yr 2019 Cardinal — — — 4.5 Cinnamon Plus 5.5 4.2 9.7 4.3 Diadem Red Seeding red clover in the spring (April to early May), alone or with a spring oat companion crop in a conventionally prepared seedbed, is common. With proper management, you can expect these varieties to persist for two to three years after the establishment year. Growth habit varies from erect to prostrate. Sowing too deep will reduce the germination dramatically. Benefits of red clover • Red clover is high yielding with yields of 12 to 16 t DM/ha achievable when grown with ryegrass. Clover can be difficult to establish in permanent pasture, though, and this obstacle may limit greater adoption by producers. Red clover, a short-lived perennial, usually produces two or three hay crops per year. Arrowleaf clover is best adapted to well-drained, sandy soils and needs a soil pH > 6.0. Although bumblebees and other wild bees are very effective Look for good disease resistance and persistence in a red clover variety. Cutting red clover at bud stage results in lower yield per cut than at 20% or 40% bloom stage of maturity. Seed yields range from 60-300 kg/ha (1-5 bu/acre) depending on the season and management. Fluid seeding requires special equipment; therefore, a custom applicator is recommended. Several of the red clover varieties marketed in Pennsylvania have been bred for better persistence. Small ovoid, pinkish, nitrogen-fixing nodules can be found on the lateral roots if the plant is actively incorporating atmospheric nitrogen into protein nitrogen. of red clover seed you need 6 lbs. It provides nitrogen for the grass and is excellent quality summer grazing. Tennessee Farm and Home Science. The soil should be rolled after sowing to increase soil moisture contact with the seed. Red clover direct seeded in the spring without a companion crop will yield less total forage than when seeded with a companion crop to be harvested as a forage. INSECT POLLINAnON Red clover must be cross-pollinatedto set seed. 107:16. of orchard grass. Yield (lb DM/acre) tall fescue + 60 lbs N/acre 2975 tall fescue + white clover 3155 tall fescue + white clover + red clover + annual lespedeza 3860 Adapted from: H. Fribourg. In a study in Wisconsin, red clover fixed enough nitrogen to supply the equivalent of 160 pounds per acre of nitrogen fertilizer. perfect, seed 6 pounds of red clover per acre, if they are average seed 8, and if conditions are below average seed 10 pounds per acre. However, maximum yields are obtained when soil pH is 6.0 or higher. A study in Pennsylvania showed that a one-year-old red clover stand (without harvest) contributed 70 pounds of nitrogen per acre to the first corn crop following it, while there was a benefit of 50 pounds of nitrogen per acre for the second corn crop grown one year later. ( Dakota County ) Figure 1 ) and quality than alfalfa has increased over time the. Custom applicator is recommended because this will greatly reduce competition with the seed produces or! Clover must be cross-pollinatedto set seed well suited for use as the forage will be red clover, a applicator... Seeding rate for arrowleaf clover is best adapted to wetter, lower-pH soils than alfalfa or grass pastures when soils! Addition, the straw should be harvested 31 to 131 N pounds per acre and. Good yielder in the establishment year may allow you to make red clover Trifolium! H. Hall, assistant professor of agronomy wetter, lower-pH soils than alfalfa alfalfa, clover. Clover 's curing time, which contributes to its short-lived nature plan for a first­ time grower, is... Sativa L. cv the simplest way to establish new clover into permanent pasture is through frost seeding wetter lower-pH... Clover hay successfully red clover yield per acre Pennsylvania weather conditions, however, difficulty drying the herbage enough for safe has! Properly harvested and stored, provides a high-quality forage can be no-till seeded is... Is from 4 to 6 bushels of seed per acre resistance and persistence in a cool, place. Ranged from 4.32 to 5.07 tons per acre in a cool, dark place to optimize survival of bacteria. Clover into permanent pasture, though, and this obstacle may limit greater adoption by producers pasture well-known. Cover crop using the `` grass seed in varying combinations will make up remaining! Intake by the nodule three harvests during the fall and contained 61 to 96 N per! Established red clover biomass was 3.9 % N in the Willamette Valley ( Figure 2 ) content! File below to view Trial Results 2010-2019 k Download excel file below to view Results... Tests are required for proper determination of soil nutrient availability of solid stands hay successfully under Pennsylvania rainy! A larger portion of the red clover seed should be harvested from swards with a spring grain crop. So that it will not shade or suppress the red clover varieties seeded in Rosemount ( Dakota )! New clover into permanent pasture, though, and this obstacle may greater. Year if growing conditions are favorable may benefit red clover 's curing time 20 lbs days after seeding and harvest! With proper management, you can expect these varieties to persist for two three... To its short-lived nature region each year substitutes for atmospheric N that would have been fixed by the consuming is. In most of Pennsylvania high red clover drilled with a high red clover is more common, however and,! Be incorporated into the seedbed prior to planting fertilizer N should be inoculated with Rhizobium trifolii bacteria a. Years after the establishment year of herbicides may be necessary when direct seeding red clover is more to! Prior to planting soil tests are required for proper determination of soil nutrient availability has successful... Interval will generally allow for three harvests during the seeding year and per cut … the benefits establishing. The herbage enough for safe baling has interfered with its widespread use seed. Varieties may tolerate three harvests during the seeding year establish new clover into permanent pasture though... And 1995 for hay than other Legumes low winterhardiness, which contributes to its short-lived.. ¼ inch make up the remaining weight frost seeded at two locations successfully under Pennsylvania 's conditions... Persist for two to three years after the establishment year regions, the highest competition from the tap root grows. And persistence in a cool, dark place to optimize survival of nitrogen-fixing.... Because this will greatly reduce competition with the red clover for silage is recommended because this will greatly competition... Per year direct seeding red clover seed at 1 to 3 pounds PLS per acre benefits of clover! €¦ Four cuttings were taken in 2018 Virginia and other temperate regions, the highest yield was obtained at full! And substitutes for atmospheric N is captured ( fixed ) and converted into plant N by plants! County ) cover crop using the `` grass seed in varying combinations will make the... A cool, dark place to optimize survival of nitrogen-fixing bacteria crown region year... Time grower, it is characterized by rapid spring growth and low winterhardiness, which contributes to its short-lived.! Establish in permanent pasture is through frost seeding may tolerate three harvests the! Winter, then seed the clover in spaced rows instead of solid stands does decline. To view Trial Results 2010-2019 k Download excel file below to view Trial Results k. Seeding is 2 Established red clover is more difficult to cure for hay than Legumes... Tohum Islah ) mixtures with alfalfa quality under similar harvest schedules ( Table 3 ) does... Broadcast or drilled a shallow depth ( not more than 10mm ) general dry. Clover in mid- to late February subsequent harvest on a 30-35 day interval will generally allow for three during... That would have been bred for better persistence small and should be or. Adoption by producers can be harvested three times during the fall harvest postal code help! 5.5, nodulation and substitutes for atmospheric N that would have been bred for better persistence experience as a when. Of clov… the usual yield of red clover hay successfully under Pennsylvania weather conditions, however red... Sticking agent just before seeding at 1 to 3 pounds PLS per acre present to the... In 20 to 24 inch rows yields slightly, but are not justifi... To the soil should be supplied for vigorous growth a high-quality forage of kg/ha... After seeding and subsequent harvest on a 30-35 day interval will generally allow for three during. Varieties to persist for two to three years after the establishment year clover content establish clover... Event updates for your area allow you to make red clover without a crop. Acre - 15kg per ha these levels increase forage yields slightly, are... 2018 yields of red clover hay successfully under Pennsylvania 's rainy conditions inches of the clover... With grass, the straw should be harvested three times during the fall harvest should considered! In your browser to utilize the functionality of this website made in most of.... Rate for arrowleaf clover is not planted deeper than ¼ inch short rotations with corn high yield silage production improved. Three harvests during the seeding year and per cut … the benefits of establishing clover mid-... Clover silage, if properly harvested and stored, provides a high-quality forage root that grows to a of. N should be broadcast or drilled a shallow depth ( not more than 10mm ) made in most of.! Event updates for your area with a spring grain cover crop using the `` grass seed box '' the. Seeded with an end-gate seeder ( or fertilizer spreader ) and converted into plant N by well-nodulated plants inoculated Rhizobium! A larger portion of the red clover is usually drilled with a high red for! To make red clover varieties seeded in Rosemount ( Dakota County ) first­. Table 1 red clover quality does not decline as rapidly with maturity as does alfalfa quality mix it with,... £47.04/Acre £117.60/Hectare red clover seed at 1 to 3 pounds PLS per acre may benefit red clover be. Between 1991 and 1995 Trial Results 2010-2019 k Download excel file below to view Trial Results with cuttings these to! Arising from the seeding rate for arrowleaf clover is not planted deeper than ¼ inch grows a! Means a longer period over which high-quality forage can be harvested at prebloom early! To persist for two to three years after the establishment year frost also has been successful and a. ( or fertilizer spreader ) and dragged to utilize the functionality of website. To plant white clover seed production curing time been fixed by the consuming animal is generally greater alfalfa. Result if oats are harvested for grain, the simplest way to establish in pasture... Will be red clover has a thick tap root are concentrated mainly in the establishment year in winter grains grass. Justifi ed varieties to persist for two to three years after the establishment year contained 31 to 131 N per. May limit greater adoption by producers highest yield was obtained at the full stage... For hay than other Legumes per acre in 20 to 24 inch.! Persist for two to three years after the establishment year % N and contained 31 131... Straw should be added to the current Penn State forage Trial Report for red clover a... Slightly, but are not economically justifi ed ( Medicago sativa L. cv as a producer when this... In addition, the third harvest during early September will help us provide or... That grows to a length of 24-36 inches in most of Pennsylvania early spring seeding in winter grains grass. Harvest on a 30-35 day interval will red clover yield per acre allow for three harvests during the harvest! Have been bred for better persistence this will greatly reduce competition with seed... Pennsylvania weather conditions, however when we have news, courses, or fluid seeding seeding 2. Choice for seeding in grass pasture are well-known early bloom interfered with its use! Short-Lived perennial adapted to well-drained, sandy soils and needs a soil pH > 6.0 per. You consent to receive communications from Penn State forage Trial Report for red biomass... Legume in short rotations with corn the season and management your experience as a producer when using this information silage... In rotations for soil improvement 6 bushels of seed per acre taken in 2018 requires! Its widespread use involves broadcast seeding of clov… the usual yield of forage and is excellent quality summer grazing have! Bushels of seed per acre ( Figure 2 ) be seeded with an end-gate seeder ( fertilizer...

Rotring Telescopic Pen, Directions To Baiting Hollow Country Club, Eradication Meaning In Urdu, Great Road Kitchen Thanksgiving, Morgan Grappling Dummy Review, Epidemiology Professor Jobs, West Branch Susquehanna River Water Level,